Bacteria are resistant to antibiotics and are one of the biggest challenges in the medical field. Researchers at the Albert Einstein School of Medicine at the University of Jeshwar in the United States have developed a new generation of antibiotic compounds that do not cause bacterial resistance and can be safely applied to the human body. The study was published in the latest issue of Chemical Biology. Magazine.
These compounds are mainly targeted at the two notorious bacteria: Vibrio cholerae causing cholera and Escherichia coli 0157:H7 derived from food contaminants. The latter causes about 110,000 people in the United States to suffer from illness and 50 deaths each year.
Most antibiotics performed well initially, and they almost completely killed the cells they attacked. However, many bacteria cells can escape and reproduce in large numbers and develop drug-resistant strains through mutation and pressure from the survival of the fittest. .
The study, led by Dr. Vern Schellman, believes that antibiotics that reduce the infectivity of bacteria but do not kill bacteria can reduce the risk of future drug resistance. Previous studies have also demonstrated that bacteria communicate with each other by generating and detecting signal molecules called auto-inducers (self-inducers that can coordinate the expression of bacterial genes and adjust some processes that include the application of toxicity). This process is called "groups." induction". Strains that are defective in quorum sensing cause less serious infections. So interference with quorum sensing becomes the direction of effort.
In addition to killing Vibrio cholerae and E. coli, researchers aim to disrupt the ability of bacteria to communicate through quorum sensing. The researchers found that the bacterial enzyme MTAN is involved in the synthesis of autoinducers that play a key role in quorum sensing. They designed an enzyme substrate that binds more closely to the designed substrate than MTAN's natural enzyme substrate. The substrate will always “lock in” the MTAN and inhibit it from increasing sensitization to quorum sensing.
In this study, Schellman and colleagues tested three compounds that block the quorum-sensing channel. These three compounds have potent effects on disrupting the quorum sensing of V. cholerae and E. coli. Resistance develops, and the researchers tested the 25-generation analogs of the two bacteria. The results showed that the 26th generation was as sensitive to antibiotics as the first generation.
Schellman called these objects permanent antibiotics. He believes that many other aggressive bacterial pathogens - Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus - all express MTAN, and may therefore compare these compounds. sensitive.
Schellman has developed more than 20 powerful MTAN inhibitors, all of which can be safely used in humans because MTAN is a bacterial enzyme that prevents it from affecting human metabolism. (Technology Daily reporter Liu Xia)
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