Application Technology of Wheat Instead of Corn in Poultry Materials

This year, the price of wheat in various regions is often lower than corn 100 yuan/ton or more, forming an inverted price for wheat and corn. This provides a cost basis for wheat as a livestock feed. This article briefly outlines the application of wheat instead of corn as a reference for feed companies and aquaculture companies.

Application conditions The total energy of corn and wheat has a small difference. However, due to the fact that wheat contains 6-8% of arabinoxylan, the feed has a large viscosity in the digestive tract, resulting in a lower digestibility of the nutrients for wheat. Partial replacement of corn with wheat can effectively save some protein materials such as soybean meal. The amino acid content of wheat is higher than that of corn, but is significantly lower than that of soybean meal. If wheat substitutes corn to keep the crude protein level of the formula, then some amino acids will be reduced due to the decrease in the amount of soybean meal. (Lysine, threonine, etc.) The decline cannot be compensated by wheat. In order to maintain the amino acid content artificial amino acids must be added and the results sometimes exceed the cost of the pre-substitution formula. It is suggested that wheat should be used to replace crude corn and the crude protein level should be appropriately raised to focus on amino acid balance. To sum up the above factors and wheat enzyme addition, when the price per kilogram of wheat is 0.1 yuan lower than that of corn, a large proportion of wheat can be considered as a substitute for corn to achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

Instead of using the corn-bean meal formula as an example, the following recommendations are made. When using chowder or bran, the substitution ratio is appropriately lowered.

The amount of wheat used in poultry diets is 10 to 20% for young birds, 20 to 30% for medium, large and egg birds. Special wheat enzymes or multi-enzymes based on xylanase must be added.

Formulation Adjustment 1. Energy: The metabolizable energy of wheat to chicken is 3040 Kcal/Kg, which is lower than 200 Kcal/Kg of corn. If wheat replaces corn by 30%, the energy drop is 40 Kcal/Kg, if not adding wheat enzymes is enough to cause a decline in production performance. A large number of domestic and foreign studies have shown that the appropriate amount of xylanase added can increase the animal metabolism of wheat diet by 6 to 7%, and increase the apparent metabolizable energy of wheat by about 7% (140 to 230 Kcal/kg). Under the action of enzymes (to ensure the activity of enzymes rather than the amount of enzyme), the metabolic energy of wheat to poultry increases from 3040 Kcal/Kg to 3250 Kcal/Kg, which is comparable to that of corn. In the case of adding enzymes, the metabolic energy of wheat can be equivalent to that of corn. formula.

2. Crude protein: Simply replacing wheat with wheat can increase amino acid levels in the diet when wheat prices are lower than corn. According to the principle of nutrient balance, when the same crude protein is used, the metabolic energy, threonine, and lysine of the wheat formula are lower, and oil, threonine, and lysine need to be added, which is not economical. Especially in pig feed, simple alternatives are more economical.

3. Linoleic acid: Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid. Diets containing 0.1% linoleic acid can meet the needs of pigs, and simple replacement of corn by wheat does not cause linoleic acid deficiency. Only 1 to 1.5% linoleic acid in the diet can meet the needs of poultry. The content of linoleic acid in wheat is only 0.88%, which is far below the content of 2% in corn. Therefore, linoleic acid must be taken as the most important nutrition indicator. Often need to add expensive oils. Considering nutrient balance and egg energy ratio, the amount of wheat used is controlled within 40%, and an economically viable formula can be obtained.

4. Biotin: The bioavailability of biotin in wheat is very low, ranging from 5 to 55%. When using a vitamin premix that does not consider the formulation raw materials, no additional additions are considered; when the amount of soybean meal is about 20% of the diet, the poultry diet may not be considered for additional addition; when using a vitamin premix considering the formulation raw materials, another 50 mg is added /kg biotin can meet, 200mg/kg in the full price material.

5. Phosphorus: Wheat contains natural phytase, high phosphorus content, higher utilization rate than Yulai, and can appropriately reduce the amount of inorganic phosphorus added.

6. Pigment: Wheat contains 2PPm pigment is only 1/9 of corn, yellow chicken should be added with artificial pigment or corn gluten meal or alfalfa meal. White chicken can not be considered.

7. Others: Wheat crude protein has a large variation, so it should be assayed first; Gibberella-contaminated wheat has similar estrogenic effects.

Processing and control of wheat as a livestock feed, can not be crushed too fine, otherwise it will affect the palatability due to life, and thus reduce the intake. It is recommended that one grain of wheat be crushed into 4 to 6 grains. This results in better digestibility and higher feed rewards. Hammer mill sieve selection 3 ~ 3.5mm is appropriate.

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