Advantages of chlorine dioxide, particularly compared to chlorine

1. Disinfection power is independent of pH.
2. High residual effect thanks to long-term stability in the pipeline system, thus microbiological protection for many hours to days
3. Reduction of the biofilm in pipelines and tanks, hence reliable protection of entire water systems against legionella contamination.
4. No reaction with ammonia or ammonium, thus full disinfection power of chlorine dioxide.
5. No formation of chorophenols and other intense odour compounds which can be produced in water chlorination.
6. No formation of THMs and other chlorinated hydrocarbons, no increase in the AOX value.

Drinking water utilities may have to consider changing disinfectant to improve water quality and meet more stringent disinfection regulations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of a full-scale drinking water distribution system to a change in disinfectant from chlorine to chlorine dioxide, in terms of its impact on microbiological stability and disinfection by-product formation. Chlorine dioxide residuals were consistently present above detection limits throughout the distribution system (>0.20 mg/L). Over a study period of 3.5 months, no degradation of bacterial water quality occurred after implementing the new disinfectant. Chlorine dioxide maintained total bacteria (microscopic counts) and heterotrophic plate count levels below 2 x 105 cells/mL and 1000 CFU/mL, respectively. The change in disinfectant from chlorine to chlorine dioxide led to an 85% reduction in trihalomethanes (i.e., from 30 to 5 mg/L) and a 60% reduction in haloacetic acids (i.e., from 20 to 8 mg/L). Chlorine dioxide represents a valuable tool to produce high quality water and is a strong alternative to chlorine for certain distribution systems. Key words: distribution system, chlorine dioxide, drinking water quality, disinfection by-products.

Domestic Disinfection

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