2025年2月13日星期四
The Fabric of Our Lives: Exploring the World of Textiles
The Art and Science of Textiles: Exploring the World of Fabrics
2019年12月17日星期二
Dutch first aid artificial intelligence on-line Corti technology will be introduced to the United States
The urgent task of hospital emergency operators is how to determine the situation of helpers through questions and save the lives of patients. Shortly afterwards, the newly developed artificial intelligence technology will help emergency operators to complete this task.
Beginning in December 2016, in Copenhagen, the emergency operator received help from an artificial intelligence operator called Corti, who understood what the other person said and sounded on the phone, and whether the patient had a cardiac arrest and could then The first aid professionals give tips to help them diagnose more accurately.
Corti can also help in other ways. For example, it can remind the operator to ask where the accident happened and ensure that the ambulance on the way goes to the right destination, but it is more valuable to diagnose the disease by detecting background clues.
According to "Fast Company" magazine, in an accident, the operator inferred that a man fell and the damaged roof hit the back. At this time, Corti turned on the voice recognition mode. It heard a weak vibration and the patient was still breathing but trying to breathe. Corti recognized the scene.
At present, artificial intelligence is still in the training mode. It cannot provide direct advice to the operator. In the future, a series of more appropriate instructions will be developed to help the operator determine the patient's condition.
Corti was developed by a start-up company in the Netherlands. The technology is still under development. Like other machine learning platforms, Corti is constantly improving its diagnostic capabilities and trying to read more information. Perhaps at some point in the future, the startup will introduce Corti’s artificial intelligence technology into the United States.
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2018 BYD or push small electric vehicles plan to use all three lithium batteries
BYD or push small electric vehicles, a variety of new energy mini-cars and small cars 2018 will meet with us, and plans to use all three yuan Lithium batteries in 2018. Here are the contents of Xiaobian’s introduction of BYD or pushing a small electric vehicle. Hopefully everyone will gain something!
A few days ago, the reporter learned from relevant sources that BYD will launch a small electric vehicle to subdivide the entry-level electric vehicle market in the future. The new car subsidy price will be close to the same level of small fuel vehicles. At the same time, BYD will have a total capacity of 16 Gwh at the end of this year.
According to BYD's previous plans for new energy, it will focus on developing a new energy market within 100,000 yuan in 2018, and a variety of new energy mini vehicles and small cars will meet with us.
In addition, by the end of 2018, BYD's battery capacity will reach 16Gwh. Among them, 10Gwh is a lithium iron phosphate battery and 6Gwh is a ternary lithium battery. In 2018, BYD will also expand a battery plant with 10Gwh ternary lithium battery capacity in Qinghai. In addition, BYD's newly-listed PHEVs (plug-in hybrid models) are now equipped with ternary lithium batteries, and all of the company's passenger cars will use ternary lithium batteries next year, but buses and E6 will continue to use iron phosphate for the time being. lithium battery.
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New Energy Vehicle Subsidy Retreat Needs Quality Improvement
A few days ago, 89 electric buses in the parking lot of the Crab Island Resort in Beijing were linked fires. This was the largest new energy vehicle accident in China since the mass production of new energy vehicles in 2009.
Despite strict investigations and evidence collection by relevant departments, they are known for the safety and quality of new energy buses in a timely manner, but their economic losses, the complexity of public opinion, and the high degree of media attention all give people a wake-up call. Car operation safety is no small matter.
Entering 2017, China’s new energy automotive industry was affected by the policy of “subsidy retreat”. Both production and sales in the first quarter fell. For the new energy automobile industry, the subsidy policy's retreat will help to break local protectionism, help outstanding enterprises and products to win in the fierce market competition, and ultimately achieve the survival of the fittest of the entire industry, and it is worthy of recognition. However, in reality, it is still not ruled out that in order to preserve the “market share”, some companies do not try to realize cost reduction and efficiency gains through hard work. Instead, they lower their quality standards to achieve price advantages, and even cause the industry to “bad money”. Currency phenomenon.
Without lowering prices, consumers do not buy it, and they may lose market share. Costs are strictly controlled, parts with lower prices are used, and there is a potential risk of quality decline. Faced with the price pressure brought about by the subsidy withdrawal, how should new energy vehicles decide?
In a word, to sell, it is even more important to quality. Subsidies for slope reduction require quality improvement.
By sacrificing quality for sales, domestic passenger cars have had a bitter experience in this area. The self-owned brand was once the price killer in the Chinese auto market. Although the “low-cost and low-quality” strategy has been effective for a certain period of time, it has also made the self-owned brand almost synonymous with low-priced and low-quality. The evil results gradually emerged, and the brand broke through upwards and downwards. In the later period, there was a phenomenon that the market share continued to drop. With painstaking experience, the independent brands began to realize the "principal role" of quality, and they had the collective nirvana of their own brands and had their own brand's breakthrough price ceilings.
With this lesson from passenger cars, new energy vehicles cannot repeat the same mistakes. How to deal effectively with the adverse effects of subsidy withdrawal can be considered from the following points.
If the market is cold, the entire industry chain should stick to the attitude of warmth and share the pressure to reduce costs, rather than overemphasizing the proportion of a certain link in the total cost, and transforming the market risk into its own. Taking the power battery company as an example, there is currently a situation in which the downstream OEMs demand price cuts and the price of raw materials in the upstream is “pressing down”, resulting in great pressure. If this situation is not changed, the battery companies are required to bear the burden of cost reduction beyond their digestion and decomposition capabilities. This will most likely lead to the “bad money eradicating the good currency phenomenon” in the field of power batteries, so that substandard battery products will be popular. , And ultimately bring security risks for the operation of new energy vehicles.
For powerful and conditional brand enterprises, they can try to achieve vertical integration of the production chain through the expansion and layout of the upstream and downstream industry chains, so as to reduce transaction costs and costs, and to effectively control product prices while improving product quality. For enterprises that do not have the conditions for vertical integration at the moment, through the strategic cooperation between upstream and downstream companies, optimization of payment forms and simplification of transaction links will be a feasible strategy.
In addition, the strategy of increasing the production scale by increasing the production line to achieve cost sharing, improving the product qualification rate by improving the production process, and lowering the customer cost by improving the product life cycle is also worthy of consideration and consideration by the industry.
However, regardless of the company's choice, the safety of new energy vehicles is still the top priority. After all, the safe operation of new energy vehicles is the most concerned issue for users and regulators as the means of transportation for the masses, and it is also the key to influencing whether new energy vehicles can be marketized.
Source: Science and Technology Daily
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Developing Systematic Innovation in Distributed Energy Industry Needs to Break through the Bottleneck
Energy is an essential driving force for economic and social development. In China, environmental issues have received extensive attention and the requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction of enterprises have become increasingly stringent. At the same time, the structural adjustment of the energy economy has also deepened. How to make the future of energy production and consumption maintain good economical, reliability and sustainability? Experts believe that the development of a distributed energy source near the user's side in line with local conditions is a feasible and feasible way to achieve more scientific, reasonable and friendly electricity production and use. road.
What are the opportunities for the development of distributed energy in China? What are the opportunities and challenges encountered? How should we respond? Prof. Lin Boqiang, Dean of the China Energy Policy Institute, Xiamen University, Deng Youqun, Deputy General Manager of Tianjin Huadian Beidai Distributed Energy Co., Ltd., and China Energy Conservation Association Zhang Dongsheng, secretary general of the Thermoelectric Industry Alliance, shared their views from their respective perspectives.
Developing Distributed Is a Reasonable Choice of Energy Transformation
At present, China’s energy structure is still dominated by fossil energy, and the level of clean energy and renewable energy utilization needs to be improved, but the overall energy production and elimination structure is constantly being optimized. According to the data released by the National Energy Work Conference in 2016, the proportion of coal in China's primary energy production was below 70% for the first time, and non-fossil energy growth was close to 12%. In the first half of 2017, China’s clean energy installed capacity increase was significantly higher than thermal power, and renewable energy accounted for 70% of newly installed capacity.
In this regard, Zhang Dongsheng believes that China's energy structure has entered a period of strategic adjustment, oil and gas to replace coal, non-fossil energy alternative to fossil energy is accelerating the double turnover, in order to improve the level of environmental governance, the energy sector supply-side structural reform should be placed first .
At the same time, new energy sources such as solar and wind power have begun to flourish. According to Lin Boqiang, distributed energy is an important way to solve the problem of new energy use. He pointed out that although the total installed capacity of wind power and solar energy in China has reached the first place in the world, the phenomenon of “discarding wind and disposing of light” is still serious.
“Large new energy bases are mainly concentrated in the western and northwestern regions, but the local electricity market has limited capacity. To make full use of the units, we must use the UHV transmission system to transport electricity over long distances to the economically developed eastern regions. However, The transportation cost of this method is too high.In addition, the natural volatility of new energy will also bring impact on the power grid system.Overall, the utilization hours of new energy is too low. To overcome this bottleneck, the use of distributed energy is A feasible road is also a clear development strategy for the Chinese government. The biggest advantage of this approach is that the power generation facilities are relatively close to the load center and can avoid large-scale problems of 'discarding the wind' and 'removing light' to some extent. He explained.
Zhang Dongsheng believes that there are three main reasons why China should vigorously develop distributed energy: First, distributed energy sources make energy production close to the demand side, and minimize power loss and heat (cold) power management losses, and use “temperature counterparts.” "Rational utilization" principle, according to different degrees of thermal energy temperature to different degrees of energy utilization, can significantly increase energy efficiency; Second, whether distributed or distributed photovoltaic, are clean and efficient energy, can significantly reduce emissions, waste water and solid waste Third, the advancement of digital technology, especially the popularization of new technologies such as smart grids, has opened up ideas for the development of distributed energy systems and also provided the technical foundation.
Despite its many advantages, the promotion and application of distributed energy in China is still constrained by many factors, requiring the country to provide further support from the policy level. In response, Zhang Dongsheng pointed out that due to the high price of small gas turbines, photovoltaic modules, and energy storage systems used in the distributed energy field, the construction cost of distributed energy is still relatively high, and the economy is relatively poor compared to conventional energy sources. Without the support of national fiscal policies, long investment recovery periods will affect investment enthusiasm. Therefore, technological development encouragement, investment incentives and tax incentives, macroeconomic policies of relevant national departments such as power system reforms and thermal system reforms, and regional development policies of local governments are all external environments in which distributed energy applications are indispensable.
Industrial system innovation needs to break through the bottleneck
In addition to policy support, the development of distributed energy also requires technical support. Due to natural intermittent and random issues, distributed energy sources are likely to cause voltage fluctuations and voltage flicker after grid connection. To achieve power distribution in the distribution network, ensuring power supply reliability and power quality are major challenges.
Lin Boqiang said: "To solve the volatility problem of new energy, it is necessary to fully integrate energy storage and other innovative technologies into the microgrid model. In this regard, multinational companies with advanced microgrid digitization and automation technologies can provide reference for Chinese companies. Such multinational companies as Siemens can solve energy storage problems through advanced technologies, and can do a better job of smart microgrids and distributed integrated management, and solve the problems in China's distributed energy development from a technical and business model. ”
Lin Boqiang believes that talent and technology complement each other. To realize the systematic innovation of an industry, the core role cannot be separated from people. Germany has long adopted dual education to meet this challenge. Under this system, students can enter public vocational schools and receive on-the-job training as a paid internship in companies such as Siemens. This will be a good combination of personnel training and industrial practice. China's distributed energy industry is maturing, and the combination of this theory and practice may provide us with some inspiration.
The potential of the integration scheme is huge
Compared with traditional energy systems, distributed energy projects have their own characteristics because of their small scale and new technology. Deng Youqun, who has been engaged in research and practice of distributed energy for many years in the power industry, believes that there are four key points for doing distributed energy projects. First, select the site and implement it step-by-step, step by step to promote the project according to market demand; second, go to the power plant and cultivate users, leaving behind the idea of building an existing large-scale gas-fired power station and a large-scale wind power photovoltaic base, according to the new energy itself. Characteristics, to achieve coordinated development based on local conditions; Third, rational allocation, lower cost, and use of the most scientific optimization program to achieve energy cascade utilization; Fourth, improve quality, increase efficiency, introduce competition, use innovative in a changing environment Perspectives improve operational management.
Combining a wealth of practical experience, Deng Youqun gave his opinion on the construction of distributed energy projects: “If a distributed energy station is used only for power generation, it is not economical to use cold and hot loads. Therefore, distributed energy cannot The main purpose of power generation is to generate power, and to use cold and heat to set the power, with the principle of good real benefits, fully guarantee that the unit's utilization hours reach over 4500 hours, the overall efficiency reaches over 70%, and surplus hot water and steam are utilized, and comprehensive Apply a variety of energy-saving measures including cooling towers, heat pump recovery technology, gas inlet cooling and natural gas heating, etc. In particular, care should be taken not to build excessively large projects, to break existing design regulations and to more flexibly arrange units, while at the same time cultivating markets And adapt to regional needs."
To achieve this effect, companies should comprehensively plan and control the complex energy flow and transformation in the project. If products from different suppliers are used in power generation, transmission and distribution, and energy storage, this may affect the efficiency of information transmission and the overall controllability of the project. In response, Zhang Dongsheng pointed out: “In the construction of a distributed energy system, adopting an overall solution can enable owners to reduce technological risks and financial risks in various stages of surveying, designing, construction, operation and maintenance, and avoiding the resulting ones. Series problems."
“The overall solution is an inevitable product of modern business services. It integrates resources, simplifies the process, and improves efficiency.” Zhang Dongsheng summed up the “four benefits”, “this approach is conducive to the unification of standards, interfaces, data. And standards, improve the stability between equipment collaboration and human-machine collaboration; help the overall system optimization, facilitate the expansion; help reduce investment costs, improve investment controllability; is conducive to duration assurance and operation and maintenance stability, for personnel training bridge."
Market Potential Growth Should Be Concerned
When it comes to the future of distributed energy, Deng Youqun is optimistic. “The United States now has 7,000 to 8,000 gas distribution projects, and our country plans to reach 1,000 by 2020. At present, the development speed has not yet fully followed, but it has great potential,” he said.
Deng Youqun believes that governments, companies, and suppliers must pay attention to the selection and training of users and pay more attention to the demand market.
Zhang Dongsheng pointed out that the development of distributed energy is also a feast of equipment manufacturers. The explosive growth of small and medium-sized gas turbines in the future can be expected. In the face of opportunities, multinational corporations such as Siemens should strengthen cooperation with local Chinese companies in technology development and equipment production, complement each other's advantages, cultivate markets, and give full play to their advantages in system integration and control systems. System optimization configuration and energy efficient use of articles.
“The development of distributed energy will bring about the prosperity of the entire industrial chain such as energy production industry, power industry, technology supply, equipment production and sales, and customer end. This will be a transformation in the energy field and an important historical opportunity.” Zhang Dongsheng said.
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The future development of the Internet of Things is difficult
On January 9, Apple Computer urgently released iOS12.2.2, and MacOS10.13.2 update program, and rarely "advise all users to install." Why? This is due to the fact that the security industry recently discovered the so-called "chip crisis."
The computer software industry has a saying that “there is no perfect software in the world”, so the software needs to be updated from time to time; the same is true for hardware, and the hardware is also designed to have problems. Not only will the software be hacked, but also hardware. The eruption of the "chip crisis" is the best example. The cause of this wave of chip crisis is that the world’s major computer processor manufacturers, including Intel, AMD, and ARM, have appeared on the bottom layer of the processor chip. Loopholes. As the products of these three processors spread across personal computers, smart phones, tablet computers, and cloud service servers, the discovery of vulnerabilities has also triggered an uproar in the technology community.
What are the hardware problems that the three processor manufacturers have? In simple terms, one is known as Meltdown and the other is called Spectre. Melting this loophole exists only on Intel's chips. It allows hackers to bypass the obstacles set by the hardware to steal private data stored in the computer's memory, such as login information on the browser, such as account passwords, and Personal files, e-mails, photos, messaging, etc. The ghost hole is commonly found on desktops, laptops, web servers, and portable devices that use Intel, AMD, and ARM processors. Hackers may exploit ghost holes and use hardware to break into the operating system to steal important information from users within the application.
This difference, in fact, has little effect, because we can find that the current major information devices, processors will not be able to take off these three major companies; moreover, the affected devices are spread across desktops, laptops, servers, and even portable devices. This is basically almost all information equipment, all of which will be affected and it is difficult to escape.
However, this is not the most striking loophole in computer hardware design. In October last year, information personnel in Belgium discovered that the current WPA2 next-generation encryption protocol used by Wi-Fi wireless networks in Puerto Rico also showed loopholes. At present, most of the Wi-Fi base stations in the world use the WPA2 encryption protocol. In simple terms, if there is a loophole in the WPA2 encryption protocol, it means that when users use encrypted wireless networks to transmit information, they may still be cracked by hackers to steal data. This is certainly a big warning to the development of wireless networks. Because of this online vulnerabilities, it will also affect various operating systems on various information devices. It is a matter of great concern. The relevant research institutes must wait until they have developed a patching plan in order to worry about causing panic. , of course, also need to release operating system patches to save. When this news was exposed, it really caused great shock to the outside world, because no one thought that such a trustworthy and trustworthy, fourteen-year-old network-based online encryption system actually had inherent loopholes.
From the above two examples, we can see that although there is no perfect software in this world, there is also no perfect hardware. After the booming of the wireless network, people can access the Internet at any time and anywhere, making the Internet an indispensable and important part of modern life. However, the computer hardware and software technology crisis that broke out one after another has shown that the network is still tantamount to crossing the river in the direction of the Internet of Things and even the so-called Industrial 4.0. There are still considerable risks. When the wireless network has become so pervasive in personal life and widely used by everyone, how to effectively maintain its security becomes a more important issue. In fact, network technology, just like the airplane, train or rapid transit system, enjoys the convenience it brings, but it does not mean that it has no risk. This is what we must understand. Therefore, when we optimistically look forward to the wireless network is enough to allow us to build the so-called Internet of Things, and we will also move towards the so-called industry 4.0, we must also face many unknown hardware and software issues, and we need to be active. Discover and overcome.
In the past, most of the security focuses were on software. Now we are more aware of the fact that hardware will in fact have security loopholes and will give interested people an opportunity. Of course, we must not waste our food. Because of inevitable defects, we will block the pace of advances in information technology. However, we must also realize that there are still many stumbling blocks in the technology of network hardware and software that we need to find and overcome. . How to formulate a contingency record once a problem arises may be the direction we must incorporate when we are trying to develop the Internet of Things and Industry 4.0.
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